When sounds
are made, they are usually categorized one of three different ways. They are categorized by velarization; are
they voiced or unvoiced. They are
further categorized by where in the mouth that the sound starts. The last categorization is the manner, or
way in which the sound is produced.
This is the manner of articulation. Compare each consonant to the corresponding section of your own
mouth. Can you notice where the sound
begins?
The following list identifies the
manner used to create each sound.
Manners of
Articulation
|
Place of Articulation |
Voiceless Consonants |
Voiced Consonants |
|
[p] as in put |
[b] as in boy |
|
|
Stops |
[t] as in toy |
[d] as in dog |
|
Stops |
[k] this sound represents the k as in skip and the c in
cat. |
[g] this sound represents the soft g as in the word gate. |
|
[tʃ] this sound represents the ch in chip |
[dʒ] this sound represents the harder g as in germ,
the j in journal, and the dg in ridge. |
|
|
[f] as in fog |
[v] as in very |
|
|
Fricatives |
[θ] this sound represents the th sound in thick |
[ð] this sound represents the th sound in though |
|
Fricatives |
[s] this sound represents the s in sing and the c in
cereal |
[z] – this sound represents the z in zap, the x in
xylophone and the double ss in scissors |
|
Fricatives |
[ʃ] this sound represents the sh in ship, the ti in
nation and the ci in glacier |
[ʒ] this sound represents the s in measure, and the
z in azure |
|
Fricatives |
[h] as in hot |
|
|
|
[m] as in man |
|
|
Nasals |
|
[n] as in nun |
|
Nasals |
|
[ŋ] represents ng
in singer and n in bank |
|
|
[l] as in very |
|
|
Liquids |
|
[r] as in ran |
|
[j] as in yet |
|
|
|
Glides |
|
[w] as in wet |
Now we are
ready to look at each of the consonants in-depth. Click next.
(O’Grady
24-31)
O'
Grady, William, Archibald, John, Aronoff Mark, Rees-Miller, Janie. Contemporary
Linguistics
5th
Edition. Boston: Bedford St. Martin's, 2005.